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Alexander Nikolayevich Afanasyev (Afanasief or Afanasiev,〔Jones, Steven Swann. ''The fairy tale: the magic mirror of the imagination''. Routledge, 2002. p. 141.〕 (ロシア語:Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Афана́сьев)) (11 July 1826 – 23 October 1871) was a Russian Empire Slavist who published nearly 600 Russian folktales and fairytales—one of the largest folktale collections in the world.〔Riordan, James. “Russian Fairy Tales and Their Collectors.” A Companion to the Fairy Tale. Ed. Hilda Ellis Davidson and Anna Chaudhri. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2003. Page 221.〕 The first edition of his collection was published in eight fascicules from 1855–67, earning him the reputation of the Russian counterpart to the Brothers Grimm.〔Gruel-Apert, Lise. Introduction to ''Russian Popular Tales by Afanasyev'' with the translation of 324 folktales ()〕 == Life == He was educated at a high school in Voronezh and studied law at the University of Moscow,〔Zipes, Jack. ''Afanasyev, Aleksander.'' "The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales." Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.,〕 in which he attended the lectures of Konstantin Kavelin and Timofey Granovsky. He brought out a series of articles about leading personalities of the 18th century. Being a progressive, he failed his final exams (because of the inspector () Sergey Uvarov) and could not have a chair in the university of Moscow. Luckily, he was appointed librarian in the Archives of Moscow in 1849 and stayed there for 13 years until 1862. In that year, he was dismissed because of the scandal provoked by his publishing of the ''Russian Popular Religious Legends'', which were a ferocious satire of the Orthodox clergy. After his dismissal, he had a lot of trouble finding a new job and was penniless. This didn't stop him from writing his big theoretical work (three tomes of 700 pages each): ''The Poetic Outlook of Slavs about Nature'', which came out between 1865 and 1869.〔Articles of L. Gruel-Apert and Tatiana Grigorevna Ivanova about Afanasyev and his followers in ''Around brothers Grimm and Alexander Afanasyev'', National Library of France (''Du côté des frères Grimm et d'Alexandre Afanassiev'', Paris 2011)〕 Censured by the authorities for his contacts with Herzen and suffering from tuberculosis, Afanasyev ended his life in penury, forced to sell his library to enable himself to eat.〔Maria Tatar, p 335, ''The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales'', ISBN 0-393-05163-3〕 He died in Moscow aged 45. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alexander Afanasyev」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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